Columbia University is one of the oldest University in the World. Columbia University is one of the Top University in the World. Columbia University is Top Ranked University in the World. Columbia University (officially Columbia University in New York City) is an Ivy League, private research university in Upper Manhattan, New York. It was established in 1754 as King's College by royal charter of George II of Great Britain. Columbia is the oldest university in the state of New York and the fifth chartered institution of higher education in the country, so it is one of the nine Colonial Colleges founded before the Declaration of Independence. After the Revolutionary War, College briefly King became a state institution and was renamed Columbia University in 1784. A 1787 Charter places the institution under a private board of directors before the name was changed to Columbia University in 1896, when the campus was moved from Madison Avenue its current location in Morningside Heights occupied land of 32 acres (13 ha). Colombia is one of fourteen founding members of the Association of American Universities, and was the first school in the United States to award the degree Doctor.
The university is organized into twenty schools, including Columbia University, the School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and the School of General Studies. The university also has outposts of global research in Amman, Beijing, Istanbul, Paris, Bombay, Rio de Janeiro, Santiago, Asuncion and Nairobi. It has affiliations with several other nearby institutions such as the Teachers College, Barnard College and Union Theological Seminary, joint degree programs available through the Jewish Theological Seminary of America, Political Sciences in Paris, and the Juilliard School.
Columbia annually administers the Pulitzer Prize. Notable students and alumni (including King's College) include five Founding Fathers of the United States; nine judges of the Supreme Court of the United States; 20 billionaires living; 29 winners of the Academy; and 29 heads of state, including three US presidents. In addition, some 100 Nobel laureates have joined Columbia as students, faculty or staff.
King's College (1754–1784)
Discussions on the foundation of a school in the province of New York began as early as 1704, at which Colonel Lewis Morris wrote to the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel abroad, the missionary arm of the Church of England, persuade to the society that New York city was an ideal community in which to establish a university; However, it was not until the founding of Princeton University across the Hudson River in New Jersey had the New York City seriously consider the foundation of a university. In 1746 a law by the General Assembly of New York was approved to raise funds for the foundation of a new university. In 1751, the Assembly appointed a commission of ten residents of New York, seven of whom were members of the Church of England to direct funds accumulated by the state lottery to the foundation of a school.
Classes were held initially in July 1754 and were presided over by the first president of the university, Dr. Samuel Johnson. Dr. Johnson was the only instructor first college class, which consisted of only eight students. The instruction took place in a church of the Trinity, located in what is now lower Broadway in Manhattan next new school. The university was officially founded on October 31, 1754 as King's College by royal charter of King George II, which is the oldest institution of higher education in the state of New York and the oldest fifth US .
In 1763, Dr. Johnson was succeeded in the presidency by Myles Cooper, a graduate of Queen's College, Oxford, and an ardent conservative. In the charged political climate of the American Revolution, its main rival in the debates was a college student in the class of 1777, Alexander Hamilton. The War of Independence broke out in 1776, and was catastrophic for the operation of King's College, which suspended the investigation for eight years beginning in 1776 with the arrival of the Continental Army. Maintaining the suspension through the military occupation of the city of New York by British troops until their departure in 1783. The university library was ransacked and its only building commandeered for use as a military hospital for the first time by the forces American and British. The loyalists were forced to leave the university of their king in New York, who was captured by the rebels and was renamed Columbia University. Loyalists, led by Bishop Charles Inglis fled to Windsor, Nova Scotia, where they founded what is now the University of King's College.
Columbia College (1784–1896)
After the Revolution, the school became the State of New York in order to restore its vitality, with the promise of making any changes to the letter from the school that the state may require. The Legislature agreed to help college and May 1, 1784, was approved "an Act for granting certain privileges to the university until now called the Kings College." The law created a Board of Trustees to oversee the resuscitation of King's College, and in an effort to show support for the new Republic, the Legislature states that "the City College of New York so far called Kings College forever hereafter be called and known by the name of Columbia university, "referring to Columbia, an alternative name for America. The Regents finally realized the defective constitution of the university in February 1787 and appointed a review committee, which was directed by John Jay and Alexander Hamilton. In April of that same year, a new charter for the college was approved, still in use today, granting power to a private board of 24 trustees.
On May 21, 1787, William Samuel Johnson, the son of Dr. Samuel Johnson, was unanimously elected President of Columbia University. Before serving in college, Johnson had participated in the First Continental Congress and was elected as a delegate to the Constitutional Convention. During a period in the 1790s, with the city of New York as the federal and state capital and the country under successive governments federalists a rekindled Columbia prospered under the auspices of Federalists like Hamilton and Jay. Both President George Washington and John Adams Vice President attended the opening of the university on May 6, 1789, as a tribute of honor to the many alumni of the school who had participated in the American Revolution.
registration, structure and university academics stagnated during most of the 19th century, with many university presidents do little to change the way the university worked. In 1857, the university moved from Park Place campus to a Gothic revival mainly on 49th Street and Madison Avenue, where he remained for the next fifty years. During the last half of the 19th century, under the leadership of President F.A.P. Barnard, the institution quickly assumed the form of a modern university. By this time, the investments of the University of New York real estate became the main source of stable income for school, mainly due to the expansion of the population of the city.
Columbia University (1896–present)
In 1896, managers officially authorized the use of another new name, Columbia University, and today the institution is officially known as "Columbia University in New York City." At the same time, university president Seth Low moved the campus again, from 49th Street to its current location, more spacious campus in the Morningside Heights development. Under the direction of successor low, Nicholas Murray Butler, who served for more than four decades, it quickly became the Columbia important institution in the nation for research, establishing the model of "Multiversity" then adopt universities.
Research on the atom by faculty members John R. Dunning, II Rabi, Enrico Fermi and Polykarp Kusch puts Physics Department of Columbia, in the center of international attention in the 1940s after the first nuclear pile was built for start what became the Manhattan Project. In 1947, to meet the needs of soldiers returning from World War II, University Extension was reorganized as a university student and designated the School of General Studies at Columbia University.
During the 1960s student activism Columbia experienced large scale, which peaked in the spring of 1968, when hundreds of students occupied buildings on campus. The incident forced the resignation of the president of Colombia, Grayson Kirk and the establishment of the University Senate.
Although several schools within the university had admitted women for years, Columbia University first admitted women in the fall of 1983, after a decade of failed negotiations with Barnard College, the all-female institution affiliated with the university , to merge the two schools. Barnard College remains affiliated with Columbia and all graduates of Barnard authorized by both Columbia University and Barnard College securities are issued.
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