The University of Chicago (U of C) is one of the Top University in the World. The University of Chicago (U of C) is one of the oldest University in the World. The University of Chicago (U of C) is Top Ranked University in the World. The University of Chicago (U of C, Chicago, and the University of Chicago) is a private research university in Chicago. The university, founded in 1890, consists of the School, several graduate programs, interdisciplinary committees organized into four academic research divisions and seven professional schools. Beyond the arts and sciences, Chicago is also well known for its professional schools, including the School of Medicine Pritzker, the University of Chicago Booth School of Business at the Faculty of Law, the School of Social Service Administration, the Harris School of Public Policy studies, School of Continuing Graham liberal and professional studies and the School of Divinity. The university currently enrolled about 5,000 students in the school and around 15,000 students in general.
University students of Chicago have played an important role in the development of various academic disciplines, including: the Chicago school of economics, the Chicago school of sociology, the movement of law and economics at the legal analysis, school Chicago literary criticism, the Chicago school of religion, and behavioralism school of political science. Chicago Department of Physics helped develop first self-sustaining nuclear reaction the man-made world beneath Stagg Field college. Chicago research activities have been helped by the unique affiliations with world-renowned institutions such as Fermilab and Argonne National Laboratory near and the Marine Biological Laboratory. The university is also home to the University of Chicago Press, the largest in the US University Press. With an estimated completion date of 2020, Barack Obama Presidential Center is located at the University of Chicago and include both the library and the offices of the presidential Obama Obama Foundation.
Founded by the American Baptist Education Society with a donation of oil magnate and the richest man in the history of John D. Rockefeller, the University of Chicago was incorporated in 1890; William Rainey Harper became the first president of the university in 1891, and the first classes were held in 1892. Both Harper and future president Robert Maynard Hutchins promoted curriculum Chicago to rely on theoretical and perennial issues rather than in applied science and commercial utility. Harper's vision in mind, the University of Chicago also became one of 14 founding members of the Association of American Universities, an international organization of leading research universities in 1900.
The University of Chicago is home to many former outstanding students. 89 Nobel laureates have been affiliated with the university as visiting professors, students, teachers and staff, the fourth most of any institution in the world. In addition, students in Chicago include 49 Rhodes Scholars, 21 scholars Marshall, 9, 13 winners of the Fields Medal Humanities national medalists, 13 billionaire graduates, and a lot of members of the United States Congress and the heads of state of countries all the world.
Founding–1910s
The University of Chicago was created and incorporated as an educational institution co, secular in 1890 by the American Baptist Education Society and a grant from oil tycoon and philanthropist John D. Rockefeller on land donated by Marshall Field. While Rockefeller grant provided money for academic operations and long-term staffing, it stipulated that the money could not be used for buildings. The original physical campus was funded by donations from wealthy citizens of Chicago as Silas B. Cobb who provided the funds for the campus' first building, auditorium Cobb, and equaled $ 100.000 Marshall Field promise. Other benefactors principles included entrepreneurs Charles L. Hutchinson (trustee, treasurer and giving Hutchinson Commons), Martin A. Ryerson (chairman of the board of directors and donors Ryerson Physics Laboratory) Adolphus Clay Bartlett and Leon Mandel, which he funded the construction of the gymnasium and auditorium, and George C. Walker of Walker Museum, a relative of Cobb who encouraged his inaugural donation of the facility.
Organized as a legally independent institution, which replaced the first Baptist college of the same name, which was closed in 1886 due to financial problems and prolonged leadership. William Rainey Harper became the first president of modern university on July 1, 1891, and the university open for classes on October 1, 1892.
The business school was founded in 1898, and the Faculty of Law was founded in 1902. Harper died in 1906, and was replaced by a succession of three presidents whose tenure lasted until 1929. During this period, the Oriental Institute was founded to support and interpret archaeological work at what was then called the Middle East.
In the 1890s, the University of Chicago, fearing that its vast resources would hurt smaller schools to stay away good students, affiliated with various colleges and regional universities: Des Moines College, Kalamazoo College, Butler University and Stetson University . In 1896, the college affiliated with Shimer College in Mount Carroll, Illinois. Under the terms of membership, requires that schools have courses comparable to those of university study, to notify the university in the early appointments and dismissals of the power referred to, so that no teaching post without approval college, and send copies of tests for suggestions. The University of Chicago agreed to confer a degree in any graduating senior of an affiliated school who had an A for four years, and any other graduate who took twelve weeks of additional study at the University of Chicago. A student or faculty member of a school affiliated entitled to free tuition at the University of Chicago, Chicago, and students were eligible to attend an affiliate under the same terms and receive school credit for their work. The University of Chicago also agreed to provide to affiliated schools with books and scientific equipment and supplies at cost; instructors and special teachers at no cost except travel expenses; and a copy of all the books and the magazine published by the University of Chicago Press, at no cost. The agreement provided that either party could terminate membership in the appropriate notice. Several professors from the University of Chicago did not like the program because it meant additional work uncompensated for their part, and they believed that cheapens the academic reputation of the university. The program made history in 1910.
1920s–1980s
In 1929, the fifth president of the university, Robert Maynard Hutchins, took office; University underwent many changes during his tenure of 24 years. Hutchins eliminated from American college football in an attempt to emphasize academics over athletics, instituted curriculum liberal arts college student known as the common core, and organizes the graduate college work in their current four divisions. In 1933, Hutchins proposed a failed plan to merge the University of Chicago and Northwestern University at one university. During his tenure, the University of Chicago Hospitals (now called the University of Chicago Medical Center) has completed construction and its first medical students enrolled. In addition, the Committee on Social Thought a distinctive institution of the university was created.
The money raised during the 1920s and financial support of the Rockefeller Foundation helped the school to survive through the Great Depression. During World War II, the university made important contributions to the Manhattan Project. The university was the site of the first isolation of plutonium and the creation of the first artificial self-sustaining nuclear reaction Enrico Fermi in 1942.
In the early 1950s, student applications declined as a result of increased crime and poverty in the neighborhood of Hyde Park. In response, the university became a major sponsor of a controversial urban renewal project for Hyde Park, which profoundly affected the architecture of the neighborhood and street layout. During this period the university as Shimer College and 10 others, adopted an early participant that allows younger students to attend college program; In addition, students enrolled in Shimer have been enabled to automatically transfer to the University of Chicago after his sophomore year, having taken exams and comparable or identical courses.
The university experienced its share of student unrest during the 1960s, from 1962, when students occupied President George Beadle's office in a protest rental policies outside the college campus. After continued stirring, a committee of the university in 1967 issued what is known as the Kalven Report. The report, a statement of two pages of university policy on "social and political action," said that "To carry out its mission in society, a university must maintain an extraordinary atmosphere of freedom of research and keep independence from political fashions, passions and pressures. " The report has already been used to justify decisions such as the refusal of the university to disinvest in South Africa in the 1980s and Darfur in late 2000.
In 1969, more than 400 students, angry about the dismissal of a popular professor, Marlene Dixon, occupied the Administration Building for two weeks. After the camp ended, when Dixon turned down a new appointment a year, 42 students were expelled and 81 were suspended, the most severe response to student occupations of any American university during the student movement.
In 1978, Hanna Holborn Gray, then the provost and acting president of Yale University, became president of the University of Chicago, a position he held for 15 years.
1990s–2010s
In 1999, then-President Hugo Sonnenschein announced plans to relax basic plan famous university studies, reducing the number of required courses from 21 to 15. When the New York Times, The Economist, and other news agencies more important gathered this story, the university became the focal point of a national debate on education. The changes were carried out ultimately, but the controversy played a role in the decision to resign Sonnenschein in 2000.
Since the mid-2000s, the university began a series of multiple expansion projects billion. In 2008, the University of Chicago has announced plans to establish the Milton Friedman Institute, which attracted both support and controversy of teachers and students. The institute will cost around $ 200 million and occupy the buildings Chicago Theological Seminary. During the same year, investor David G. Booth donated $ 300 million to the School of Business Booth, which is the greatest gift in the history of the university and the largest ever to any business school gift. In 2009, planning and construction of several new buildings, half of what they cost $ 100 million or more, was underway. Since 2011, major construction projects have included Jules and Gwen Knapp Center for Biomedical Discovery, a medical research ten floors, and added the medical campus of the University of Chicago Medical Center. In 2014, the University launched the public phase of a campaign fundraising $ 4.5 billion. In September 2015, the University received $ 100 million of the Family Foundation to establish Pearson Pearson Institute for the study and resolution of global conflicts and the World Forum Pearson in the Harris School of Public Policy Studies.
On May 1, 2014, the University of Chicago was named one of the fifty five higher education institutions under investigation by the Office of Civil Rights "of possible violations of federal laws on the management of violence and harassment sexual complaints "by the White House task force to protect students from sexual Assault.
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